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The modern era began in the thirteenth century and comes to the present day. It was initially characterized by a large popular literature, a predecessor of the popular literature of the West. The boom in Chinese fiction and drama during the Mongol Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368), could be due to a rejection of the intellectuals of the Mongol regime, which, instead of serving them, were devoted to fiction and drama. Popular literature continued to develop throughout this period, to merge into a larger literary movement in the early years of the twentieth century.
From the twelfth century, the theater remained a Chinese native and the most popular local drama gained national importance. Theater Yuan, which was created in northern China, wrote the dialogues and songs in a dialect of the north. The award is the main instrument and songs, which represented the poetics of the work is more important than dialogue, what was written in a new poetic form more flexible and expressive that shi Han period and the cu Tang period. The play Yuan is divided into four parts, which correspond to the four acts of Western works, sometimes adding an additional short event that serves as a prelude or interlude.
In the fourteenth century, the narrative of China became increasingly important. Two of the earliest Chinese novels of this era, Sanguozhi Yanyi (Stories novels kingdoms), historical novel of war and warriors, and Shuihuzhuan (At water's edge), adventure novel heroes of criminals can be considered epic in prose of the Chinese people. Works of folk art derived from the oral tradition and had the touch of many great writers, so it is different from the works composed by a single author. In general, these two types of Chinese novels were very long and dense with excellent characterizations and colorful descriptions. All these characteristics are found in Hongloumeng (Dream of the red room), a realist novel by Cao Xueqin, who describes the prosperity, decline and fall of a rich family official.
In the seventeenth century, there were many collections of short stories, which were copied from previous collections or works composed by contemporary writers. Like the novels, the style of these stories, which offer an intimate portrait of Chinese society, is colloquial and realistic. The most popular anthology is Jinguqiguan (wonderful tales of past and present), which consists of 40 stories.
While the modern age progressed, the popular tradition is so great and enriched. The conventional literature, by contrast, lost production, while the bourgeois intellectuals, among whom there were great writers, continued growing. The prescriptive literature was no longer able to continue providing more than stereotypes. This decline of the literary tradition continued until the twentieth century, when Chinese writers have realized the need to seek new sources of inspiration. Influenced by Western literature, Chinese writers, led by Hu Shi, started a literary revolution known as the Chinese Renaissance. Tried to use the colloquial language for literary and upgraded to scholarly expression.
After fifty years experience in this direction, the contemporary Chinese literature has matured and has shown great creative vitality. In the first half of the twentieth century, Chinese writers used literature as a mirror to reflect sordida side of life, to combat the negative aspects of society and to spread the message of class struggle. With essays and stories scathing attack on traditional society, and writers such as Lu Xun (Zhou Shure pseudonym), helped to advance the socialist revolution. Although the spirit of literature change the background, characters and events represented, continued to be typically Chinese.
During the years of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1978), it was hoped that artists and writers to adapt to the needs of the people and the Western bourgeois influence is severely attacked. Since then, it has allowed greater freedom of expression is tolerated and the renewed interest in Western ideas and forms. Music-Eurovision. Irish turkey, farm and Bosnian Croat senile rap: It takes Eurovision freak … Irish finds a turkey, a rooster farm with Bosnian …
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